Leakage current detection and interruption (lcdi) device with ignition containment features

ABSTRACT

A Leakage Current Detection and Interruption (LCDI) device, for use as a safety device for a load cable. The LCDI circuit card assembly incorporates a load input cavity having fire retardant materials surrounding the load input terminals, a separated containment cavity structure for a first Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV), and a contact actuator which encases the switch or contact arm at the source input section of the LCDI. The circuit design incorporates redundant safety features for containment of spurious ignitions.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is related to, claims the earliest availableeffective filing date(s) from (e.g., claims earliest available prioritydates for other than provisional patent applications; claims benefitsunder 35 USC § 119(e) for provisional patent applications), andincorporates by reference in its entirety all subject matter of thefollowing listed application(s) (the “Related Applications”) to theextent such subject matter is not inconsistent herewith; the presentapplication also claims the earliest available effective filing date(s)from, and also incorporates by reference in its entirety all subjectmatter of any and all parent, grandparent, great-grandparent, etc.applications of the Related Application(s) to the extent such subjectmatter is not inconsistent herewith:

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/186,671 entitled “Leakage Detectionand Interruption (LCDI) Device With Ignition Containment Features.”,naming Victor Aromin as inventor, filed 12 Nov. 2018.

1. FIELD OF USE

The present invention relates generally to electrical safety devices andmore particularly to a Leakage Detection and Interruption (LCDI) devicehaving ignition containment features.

2. DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART (BACKGROUND)

Conventional electrical appliances typically receive alternating current(AC) power from a power supply, such as an electrical outlet, through apair of conducting lines. The pair of conducting lines, often referredto as the line and neutral conductors, enable the electrical appliance,or load, to receive the current necessary to operate.

A power cable typically comprises at least two conducting lines throughwhich current travels from the power source to the load. Specifically, apower cable typically comprises a power line and a neutral line. A metalsheath can be used to surround the power line and the neutral line inorder to provide the power cable with arc sensing capabilities.

The connection of an electrical appliance to a power supply through apair of conducting lines can create a number of potentially dangerousconditions. In particular, there exists the risk of ground fault andgrounded neutral conditions in the conducting lines. A ground faultcondition occurs when there is an imbalance between the currents flowingin the power and neutral lines. A grounded neutral condition occurs whenthe neutral line is grounded at the load.

Ground fault circuit interrupters are well known in the art and arecommonly used to protect against ground fault and grounded neutralconditions. A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) typicallycomprises a differential transformer with opposed primary windings, oneprimary winding being associated with the power line and the otherprimary winding being associated with the neutral line. If a groundfault condition should occur on the load side of the GFCI, the twoprimary windings will no longer cancel, thereby producing a flux flow inthe core of the differential transformer. This resultant flux flow isdetected by a secondary winding wrapped around the differentialtransformer core. In response thereto, the secondary winding produces atrip signal which, in turn, serves to open at least one of theconducting lines between the power supply and the load, therebyeliminating the dangerous condition.

While GFCI circuits of the type described above are well known andwidely used in commerce to protect against ground fault and groundedneutral conditions, it should be noted that a power cable is susceptibleto other types of hazardous conditions which are not protected againstby a conventional GFCI circuit. As an example, it has been found thatone type of arcing condition can occur between one of the conductinglines and the metal sheath which surrounds the conducting lines. Itshould be noted that the presence of this type of arcing conditionbetween either the power line and the metal sheath or the neutral lineand the metal sheath can result in a fire or other dangerous condition.

When an electrical spark jumps between two conductors or from oneconductor to ground the spark represents an electrical discharge throughthe air and is objectionable because heat is produced as a byproduct ofthis unintentional “arcing” path. Such arcing faults are a leading causeof electrical fires. Arcing faults can occur in the same places thatground faults can occur—in fact, a ground fault would be called anarcing fault if it resulted in an electrical discharge, or spark, acrossan air gap. Arc fault detection is typically accomplished by monitoringthe electrical current flow into a load and comparing the profile ofthis current flow to a characteristic “signature’ that arcing faultswill exhibit. It is known for ALCI enclosures to “burn up” during aninternal fire or ignition creating extreme hazards and dangerousconditions.

In U.S. Pat. No. 7,525,777, to Aromin, V, incorporated herein byreference for all it discloses, new and improved safety circuits for apower cables are disclosed. The power cable includes two or moreconducting lines and a metal sheath surrounding the conducting lines.The safety circuits sense the presence of an arcing condition betweenone of the conducting lines and the metal sheath, and in responsethereto, opens at least one of the conducting lines between the powersupply and the load.

Although a variety of safety circuits are available to shut down an ALCIis response to hazardous arcing conditions there is a need for an ALCIthat can contain “burn up” during an internal fire through the use offire retardant materials and structure located on the circuit assembly.

BRIEF SUMMARY

The foregoing and other problems are overcome, and other advantages arerealized, in accordance with the presently preferred embodiments ofthese teachings. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention aLeakage Current Detection and Interruption Device (LCDI) with IgnitionContainment features is disclosed.

The structure of the LCDI circuit card assembly incorporates a loadinput cavity having fire retardant materials surrounding the load inputterminals, a separated containment cavity structure for a first MetalOxide Varistor (MOV), a contact actuator which encases the switch orcontact arm at the source input section of the LCDI, and a circuitdesign having redundant safety features for containment of spuriousignitions. Further, the particular placement of components on thecircuit card assembly is to maximize the fire containment features ofthe LCDI. The circuit card assembly may incorporate either 120 Volt, 240Volt 15 Amp, or 240 Volt 20 Amp source input conductors.

Components and circuit traces mounted and or adhered to the LCDI CircuitCard assembly are configured to minimize packaging density whilesimultaneously maximizing distances between component and circuit tracesto conform to required safety standards, e.g., UL840, to preventelectric arcing and dielectric breakdown.

A safety circuit for a power cable is included and disposed on thecircuit assembly which includes two or more conducting lines and a metalsheath surrounding the conducting lines. The safety circuit senses thepresence of an arcing condition between one of the conducting lines andthe metal sheath, and in response thereto, opens at least one of theconducting lines between the power supply and the load. The safetycircuit and circuit card assembly may be mass produced, has a minimalnumber of parts, and can be easily assembled.

The safety circuit is for use with a power cable, said power cableconnecting a power source with a load, said power cable comprising apower line, a neutral line and a metal sheath which surrounds the powerline and the neutral line, said safety circuit comprising a circuitbreaker comprising a first switch located in one of said lines betweenthe power source and the load, said switch having a first position inwhich the power source in its associated line is connected to the loadand a second position in which the power source in its associated lineis not connected to the load, a circuit opening device for setting saidswitch in either its first position or its second position, said circuitopening device being operable in either a first state or a second state,said circuit opening device setting said switch in its first positionwhen in its first state and said circuit opening device setting saidswitch in its second position when in its second state, a first siliconcontrolled rectifier (SCR) for detecting the presence of an arcingcondition between one of said lines and the metal sheath, said first SCRsetting said circuit opening device at its second state upon detectingthe presence of an arcing condition between one of said lines and themetal sheath.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The subject matter which is regarded as the invention is particularlypointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion ofthe specification. The foregoing and other objects, features, andadvantages of the invention are apparent from the following detaileddescription taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings inwhich:

FIG. 1 is a perspective top view of a Leakage Current Detection andInterruption Device (LCDI) enclosure employing the principles of subjectinvention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 1 with top covers removed exposingcircuit card assembly 20;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. 1 with both top and bottom coversremoved exposing circuit card assembly 20;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of FIG. 1 with only the wire cover removed;

FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a partial view of FIG. 4 illustrating circuit board 40;

FIG. 8 is a partial view of FIG. 4 illustrating load input section 25;

FIG. 9 is a partial view of FIG. 3 illustrating a rear view of loadinput section 25;

FIG. 10 is a partial view of FIG. 4 illustrating insulation plate 32;

FIG. 11 is a partial view of FIG. 10 with insulation plate 32 removed;

FIG. 12 is a cross-section of FIG. 1.

FIG. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a safetycircuit used in the LCDI of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to FIG. 13, there is shown a first embodiment of a safetycircuit constructed according to the teachings of the present invention,the safety circuit being represented generally by reference numeral1011. Safety circuit 1011 is designed principally for use as a safetydevice for a power cable P which connects a power source (i.e., a line)to a load, said power cable P including a power line L, a neutral lineN, and a ground line G. Each of the power lines L and neutral lines N iswrapped with a metal sheath or other similar type of shielded wrapping.

The metal sheaths of the power and neutral lines L and N are, in turn,twisted together so as to effectively form a single metal sheath S whichsurrounds power line L and neutral line N. Ground line G remainselectrically isolated from power line L and neutral line N.

As will be discussed in detail below, safety circuit 1011 interrupts theflow of current through power line L and neutral line N extendingbetween the power source and the load when an arcing condition occurseither between power line L and metal sheath S1 or between neutral lineN and metal sheath S1. As can be appreciated, the presence of an arcingcondition either between power line L and metal sheath S1 or betweenneutral line N and metal sheath S1 can result in a fire or otherdangerous condition.

Safety circuit 1011 comprises a circuit breaker 13 which selectivelyopens and closes power line L and neutral line N. Circuit breaker 13includes a first normally-closed switch K1 which is located in powerline L between the power source and the load. Circuit breaker 13 alsoincludes a second normally-closed switch K2 which is located in neutralline N between the power source and the load. Switches K1 and K2 can bepositioned in either of two connective positions. Specifically, switchesK1 and K2 can be positioned in either a first, or closed, position or asecond, or open, position. With switches K1 and K2 disposed in theirclosed position, which is the opposite position as illustrated in FIG.1, current is able to flow from the power source to the load. Withswitches K1 and K2 disposed in their open position, which is illustratedin FIG. 13, current is unable to flow from the power source to the load.

A metal-oxide varistor MOV1 protects against voltage surges in power andneutral conducting lines L and N. Metal-oxide varistor MOV1 preferablyincludes a first terminal 61 and a second terminal 63. First terminal 61of metal-oxide varistor MOV1 is connected to power line L and secondterminal 63 of metal-oxide varistor MOV1 is connected to neutral line N.When exposed to high transient voltage MOV1 will absorb the potentiallydestructive energy and dissipate it as heat. However, residual arcingvoltage not suppressed by MOV1 and existing between power line L andmetal sheath S, will travel from metal sheath S and passes throughresistor R1 as described further below.

A solenoid SOL is ganged to the circuit breaker contacts of switches K1and K2 and is responsible for selectively controlling the connectiveposition of switches K1 and K2. Specifically, when solenoid SOL isde-energized, switches K1 and K2 remain in their closed positions.However, when solenoid SOL is energized, solenoid SOL moves andmaintains switches K1 and K2 into their open positions. Solenoid SOLincludes a winding 15 which includes a first end 17 and a second end 19,second end 19 being connected to SCR1 and MOV2 and the first end 17being connected to diode bridge 1013.

It should be noted that safety circuit 1011 is not limited to the use ofsolenoid SOL to selectively move and maintain the connective position ofswitches K1 and K2. Rather, it is to be understood that solenoid SOLcould be replaced with alternative types of circuit opening deviceswhich are well known in the art without departing from the spirit of thepresent invention.

A first silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 21 acts to detect the presenceof an arcing condition between the power line L and the metal sheath S1and to switch solenoid SOL from its de-energized state to its energizedstate upon detecting the presence of the arcing condition between thepower line L and the metal sheath S. First silicon controlled rectifierSCR1 preferably has a model number of EC103B and includes an anode 21, acathode 23 and a gate 25.

In use, safety circuit 1011 functions in the following manner. In theabsence of arcing conditions, switches K1 and K2 are disposed in theirnormally-closed positions, thereby enabling AC power to pass from thepower source to the load through power and neutral lines L and N. Diodebridge 1013 maintains rectified power across solenoid SOL under normaloperating conditions. Upon the presence of an arcing condition betweenpower line L and metal sheath S, leakage voltage travels from metalsheath S and passes through resistor R1, resistor R1 dropping theleakage voltage to an acceptable level.

Voltage dropping resistor R1 preferably has a value of approximately 68Kohms. The leakage voltage triggers SCR1 and causing power to be removedfrom solenoid SOL thereby opening switches K1 and K2 and preventing ACto pass from the source to the load. As an added safety measure MOV2 inseries with a low value resistor R3 in parallel with SCR121 serves todissipate any unwanted residual arcing voltage not suppressed by MOV1and existing between power line L and metal sheath S. Upon the detectionof such a residual arcing voltage, MOV2 will short and the residualvoltage will be dissipated through low resistance R3 that will in turnburn out and open circuit.

Resistor R2 is connected in parallel with capacitor C1 and protectiondiode D22. In use, resistor R2 serves to reduce the likelihood ofnuisance tripping in rectifiers SCR1 and diode bridge 1013.

A test circuit 215 is included in safety circuit 1011, test circuit 215connecting power line L (at a location between sheath S1 and circuitbreaker 13) to R1. Test circuit 215 comprises a test switch TEST. Inuse, test circuit 215 allows the user to test whether safety circuit1011 is operating properly. Diode bridge 1013 comprises four diodes D91,D92, D93 and D94, each diode preferably having a model number of IN4004.Diode D92 includes a cathode 1021 connected to first end 17 of solenoidSOL. Diode 91 includes a cathode 1017 connected power line L, D94 has ananode 1027 connected to cathode 23 of SCR1, and a cathode 1029 connectedto second terminal 63 of MOV1.

SCR1 includes an anode 21 connected to SOL second end 19 and a cathode23 connected to MOV2 second end 25. MOV2 first end 27 connects toresistor 29 which connects to SOL second end 19. It should be noted thatsafety circuit 1011 differs from conventional electrical safety devicesin that fireguard 1011 does not comprise a differential transformerrendering the fireguard circuit 1011 more compact in size and lessexpensive to manufacture than conventional electrical safety deviceswhich utilize a differential transformer.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the LCDI of the present invention includesan external housing 10 used to encase the circuit card assembly 20 ofFIG. 4. External Housing 10 includes bottom cover 10A, a top cover 10B,and a wire cover 10C. Wire cover 10C allows for easy access and quickconnection of load types. The LCDI of the present invention is adaptableto support a variety of source input prong assemblies 14.

FIG. 4 illustrates a circuit card assembly 20 having a top side 20A, abottom side 20B, a load input section 25 and a source input section 27.Load Input section 25 includes a cavity 30, formed by left and rightsidewalls 30A and 30B, a bottom wall 30D and a rear wall 30C. Asillustrated in FIG. 8, bottom wall 30D includes a top surface 30D1 and abottom surface 30D2, left and right sidewalls 30A and 30B include a topedge 30A1 and 30B1, and rear wall 30C includes a top edge 30C1. Asillustrated in FIG. 8 and FIG. 10, sidewalls 30A and 30B, and rear wall30C extend forward of bottom 30D2 and affix to insulation plate 32 tocreate a parallel fire barrier cavity 31 that encases MOV1 50.

Cavity 31 serves as a containment barrier for the high heat generated byMOV1 50 upon the presence of transient tripping voltages necessary totrip MOV1 50. Cavity 30 serves as a containment barrier for arcingconditions occurring either between power line L and metal sheath S1 orbetween neutral line N and metal sheath S1 that could result in a fireor other dangerous condition. Referring to FIG. 3, Cavity 30 encasesload input conductors terminals L, N, and G, and sheathing S1. Cavities30 and 31 can be made from any suitable fire retardant material, and inthe preferred embodiment utilizes a phenolic material.

A cover 35 having a top wall 35A and a front wall 35B may be added forincreased fire barrier protection and provides full encasement of cavity30 leaving only enough space 35B1 for the passage of load, neutral,ground, and sheathing wires (not shown) to the L, N, G. and S1connections present in load input section 25.

As illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 11, movable contact arms 60 areresiliently flexible and include at the source input section 27, anactuating member and latch to reciprocate source contact end 60B.Movable contact arms 60 extend from a load contact end 60A locatedinterior to cavity 30, through cavity 30 to the interior of cavity 31,then through cavity 31 to source input section 27. Load contact ends 60Aare bent orthogonally at a point interior to cavity 31 and pass througha slot 30C3 formed in rear wall 30C. Adjacent to slot 30C3 are locatedmounting bosses 30C4. Load contact end 60A is fixedly secured tomounting bosses 30C4 by screws or other means known in the art. Mountingbosses 30C4 placed adjacent to slot 30C3 and integrated as part of rearwall 30C imparts rigidity to load contact ends 60A while maintaining theresilient flexibility of source contact end 60B.

A ground conductor 65 extends from a first end interior to cavity 30,through cavity 30 and exiting through bottom side 20B at a point outsideof cavity 31. Rear wall 30C includes a curved portion 30C1A to isolateground conductor 65 from the interior of cavity 31. Ground conductor 65includes a stepped midpoint 65A that provides added isolation distancefrom ground to MOV1 50. Referring to FIG. 10, source contact prongassembly 14 includes line and Neutral conductors having an outlet end14A and a circuit end 14B. Cavity 70A is for isolation and containmentof both source contact prong circuit end 14B and movable contact arm 60source contact end 60B. Cavity 70A provides containment of arcingconditions occurring either between power line L and metal sheath S orbetween neutral line N and metal sheath S that could result in a fire orother dangerous condition. Cavity 70A can be made from any suitable fireretardant material, and in the preferred embodiment utilizes a phenolicmaterial.

Referring to FIG. 4, circuit card assembly 20 includes circuit board 40incorporating the safety circuit of FIG. 13 thereon (circuit componentsnot shown). The circuit board 40 includes a first peripheral edge 40A1that extends to a second peripheral edge 40A2, where peripheral edge40A2 is in abutment with top edge 30C1 of rear wall 30C and wherecircuit board 40 extends laterally over source input section 27.Peripheral edge 40A2 includes left and right ends 40A21 and 40A22, and amiddle section 40A23. In the preferred embodiment circuit board 40 issecured to rear wall 30C at left and right ends 40A21 and 40A22 byscrews 41.

Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, test contact arm 70 includes a first end70A, a middle portion 70B and a second end 70C. Second end 70C includesa retainment jaw 70C1 that engages middle section 40A23 to secure testcontact arm 70 to circuit board 40.

Test contact arm 70 includes a straight top portion 70C1A that extendsto a bent portion 70C1B, the bent portion 70C1B extending into theinterior of circuit board 40 to support a resiliently flexible angledportion 70B1A. 70B1A is angled positively in relation to circuit board40 and extends to a first end 70A. First end 70A includes a cuppedportion 70A1 biased away from circuit board 70.

As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, button assembly 16, is constructed as aone piece plastic mold having an curved button end 18B that sits incupped portion 70A1. The weight of test button 18 is supported by testcontact arm 70 in the non contact position (70A1 not engaging circuitboard 70) until test button is pushed forcing 70A1 into engagement withcircuit board 70. Upon release of test button 18 70A1 flexes back to anon-engaged position. Referring to FIG. 13, engagement of 70A1 withcircuit board 40, causes test switch 215 to connect power line L (at alocation between sheath S1 and circuit breaker 13) to R1 to switchsolenoid SOL from its de-energized state to its energized state.

The embodiments shown of the present invention are intended to be merelyexemplary and those skilled in the art shall be able to make numerousvariations and modifications to it without departing from the spirit ofthe present invention. All such variations and modifications areintended to be within the scope of the present invention as defined inthe appended claims.

We claim:
 1. A leakage current detection and interruption (LCDI) device,for use as a safety device for a load cable, said load cable connectinga power source with a load, said load cable comprising a power line, aneutral line, a ground line, and a metal sheath which surrounds thepower line and the neutral line, said LCDI device comprising a circuitcard assembly including at least one Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) andadaptable for positioning within an external housing, the housing havinga top cover, a bottom cover and a wire cover, the LCDI devicecomprising: the circuit card assembly having a top, bottom, a load inputsection, said load input section comprising load input conductors, and asource input section, said circuit card assembly further including acircuit board, said load input section including a plurality ofcontainment cavities formed on one end of said circuit board, at leastone containment cavity comprising a load input conductor containmentcavity, including a plurality of walls to surround said load inputconductors, and at least one containment cavity including a plurality ofwalls to surround said at least one Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV); saidsource input section including an actuating member positioned on anopposite end to the one end of said circuit board, said actuating memberincluding a plurality of containment cavities therein, said plurality ofcontainment cavities of said actuating member including a plurality ofwalls, said source input section further including a plurality ofconductors having a first end and a second end, said first end forengagement into a power source, said second end surrounded by saidplurality of walls of said plurality of containment cavities of saidactuating member; a plurality of movable contact arms, said movablecontact arms having load contacts at one end, and having source contactsat an opposite end to the one end, said load contacts surrounded by saidplurality of walls of said plurality of containment cavities of saidload input section, said source contact surrounded by said plurality ofwalls of said plurality of containment cavities of said actuatingmember, said source contacts of said plurality of movable contact armsand said second end of said plurality of conductors of said source inputsection adaptable for engagement and disengagement when said LCDI isoperable; wherein said load input conductor containment cavity, saidplurality of containment cavities of said actuating member, and said MOVcontainment cavity are included as part of said circuit card assembly,said circuit card assembly adapted for fitment within said externalhousing.
 2. The leakage current detection and interruption (LCDI) deviceas in claim 1, wherein said load input conductor containment cavityplurality of walls includes a top wall, a bottom wall, and a pluralityof side walls, and wherein said at least one Metal Oxide Varistors (MOV)containment cavity plurality of walls includes a top wall, a bottomwall, and a plurality of side walls.
 3. The leakage current detectionand interruption (LCDI) device as in claim 2, wherein said bottom wallis common to said load input conductor containment cavity and said atleast one Metal Oxide Varistors (MOV) containment cavities.
 4. Theleakage current detection and interruption (LCDI) device as in claim 1,wherein said circuit card assembly further includes: a) a circuitbreaker comprising a first switch located in one of said lines betweenthe power source and the load, said first switch having a first positionin which the power source in its associated line is connected to theload and a second position in which the power source in its associatedline is not connected to the load, (b) a circuit opening device forsetting said first switch in either its first position or its secondposition, said circuit opening device being operable in either a firststate or a second state, said circuit opening device setting said switchin its first position when in its first state and said circuit openingdevice setting said switch in its second position when in its secondstate, (c) a first silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) for detecting apresence of the arcing condition between the one of said lines and themetal sheath, said first SCR setting said circuit opening device at itssecond state upon detecting a presence of an arcing condition betweenone of said lines and the metal sheath, said first SCR comprising ananode, a cathode and a gate, and (d) a diode bridge connecting the firstSCR to the circuit opening device, the diode bridge acting to detect apresence of an arcing condition between an other of said lines and themetal sheath, said diode bridge setting said circuit opening device atits second state upon detecting the presence of an arcing conditionbetween the other of said lines and the metal sheath.
 5. A leakagecurrent detection and interruption (LCDI) device as in claim 4, whereinthe power connections for said circuit opening device, said first SCRand said diode bridge are derived from said power and neutral lines atthe load.
 6. A leakage current detection and interruption (LCDI) deviceas in claim 1, wherein said plurality of load input conductorcontainment cavities, said plurality of actuating member containmentcavities, and said plurality of MOV input containment cavities are madefrom a fire retardant phenolic material.
 7. A leakage current detectionand interruption (LCDI) device, for use as a safety device for a loadcable, said load cable connecting a power source with a load, said loadcable comprising a power line, a neutral line, a ground line, and ametal sheath which surrounds the power line and the neutral line, saidLCDI device comprising a circuit card assembly including at least oneMetal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) and adaptable for positioning within anexternal housing, the housing having a top cover, a bottom cover and awire cover, the LCDI device comprising: the circuit card assembly havinga top, bottom, a load input section, said load input section comprisingload input conductors, and a source input section, said circuit cardassembly further including a circuit board, said load input sectionincluding a plurality of containment cavities formed on one end of saidcircuit board, at least one containment cavity comprising a load inputconductor containment cavity, including a plurality of walls to surroundsaid load input conductors, and at least one containment cavityincluding a plurality of walls to surround said at least one Metal OxideVaristor (MOV), wherein said load input conductor containment cavityplurality of walls includes a top wall, a bottom wall, and a pluralityof side walls, and wherein said at least one Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)containment cavity plurality of walls includes a top wall, a bottomwall, and a plurality of side walls; said source input section includingan actuating member positioned on an opposite end to the one end of saidcircuit board, said actuating member including a plurality ofcontainment cavities therein, said plurality of containment cavities ofsaid actuating member including a plurality of walls, said source inputsection further including a plurality of conductors having a first endand a second end, said first end for engagement into a power source,said second end surrounded by said plurality of walls of said pluralityof containment cavities of said actuating member; a plurality of movablecontact arms, said movable contact arms having load contacts at one end,and having source contacts at an opposite end to the one end, said loadcontacts surrounded by said plurality of walls of said plurality ofcontainment cavities of said load input section, said source contactsurrounded by said plurality of walls of said plurality of containmentcavities of said actuating member, said source contacts of saidplurality of movable contact arms and said second end of said pluralityof conductors of said source input section adaptable for engagement anddisengagement when said LCDI is operable; and wherein said load inputconductor containment cavity, said plurality of containment cavities ofsaid actuating member, and said MOV containment cavity are included aspart of said circuit card assembly, said circuit card assembly adaptedfor fitment within said external housing.
 8. A leakage current detectionand interruption (LCDI) device, for use as a safety device for a loadcable, said load cable connecting a power source with a load, said loadcable comprising a power line, a neutral line, a ground line, and ametal sheath which surrounds the power line and the neutral line, saidLCDI device comprising a circuit card assembly including at least oneMetal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) and adaptable for positioning within anexternal housing, the housing having a top cover, a bottom cover and awire cover, the LCDI device comprising: the circuit card assembly havinga top, bottom, a load input section, said load input section comprisingload input conductors, and a source input section, said circuit cardassembly further including a circuit board, said load input sectionincluding a plurality of containment cavities formed on one end of saidcircuit board, at least one containment cavity comprising a load inputconductor containment cavity, including a plurality of walls to surroundsaid load input conductors, and at least one containment cavityincluding a plurality of walls to surround said at least one Metal OxideVaristor (MOV), wherein said load input conductor containment cavityplurality of walls includes a top wall, a bottom wall, and a pluralityof side walls, and wherein said at least one Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)containment cavity plurality of walls includes a top wall, a bottomwall, and a plurality of side walls and wherein said bottom wall iscommon to said load input conductor containment cavity and said at leastone Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) containment cavities; said source inputsection including an actuating member positioned on an opposite end tothe one end of said circuit board, said actuating member including aplurality of containment cavities therein, said plurality of containmentcavities of said actuating member including a plurality of walls, saidsource input section further including a plurality of conductors havinga first end and a second end, said first end for engagement into a powersource, said second end surrounded by said plurality of walls of saidplurality of containment cavities of said actuating member; a pluralityof movable contact anus, said movable contact arms having load contactsat one end, and having source contacts at an opposite end to the oneend, said load contacts surrounded by said plurality of walls of saidplurality of containment cavities of said load input section, saidsource contact surrounded by said plurality of walls of said pluralityof containment cavities of said actuating member, said source contactsof said plurality of movable contact arms and said second end of saidplurality of conductors of said source input section adaptable forengagement and disengagement when said LCDI is operable; and whereinsaid load input conductor containment cavity, said plurality ofcontainment cavities of said actuating member, and said MOV containmentcavity are included as part of said circuit card assembly, said circuitcard assembly adapted for fitment within said external housing.